I’ll be on WSUM, 97.1 FM at 10pm this Friday night, spinning prog records and talking math with a student of mine on Progressive Rock Radio. I actually know very little about prog beyond the Yes, Kansas, and Genesis records of my youth, so please feel free to suggest ace tracks in comments.
Update: You can download the show here.
Quomodocumque 
How about “B.U.G.” by Ruins? Or something from Magma’s “Mekanik Destruktiw Kommandoh”? Would Robert Wyatt’s “Sea Song” count?
Don’t forget Rush! There’s a canonical forum for prog rock: http://www.progarchives.com/.
Math on the radio? Geez, even on public radio it’s rare to hear anyone talk about mathematics. Way to go!
I can’t help you with progressive rock though. I think I skipped over that period. Or that period skipped over me. Have fun!
What math topics did you talk about?
Maybe some Supertramp (“The Logical Song”) and Electric Light Orchestra (“Mr. Blue Sky”)?
I would say King Crimson is one of the founder of progressive rock and “In The Court Of The Crimson King” is a must.
As for math in radio, my colleague Raúl Ibañez goes on air every thursday at 19:30 (Bilbao time) in Radio Euskadi (meaning “Basque Country Radio”, the name in Basque is Euskadi Irratia). Sometimes he has a guest. I was there last year talking about electoral methods right at the time when you were about to elect Obama.
If you read Spanish, you can check it out in http://www.blogseitb.com/graffiti/category/matematicas/